{"id":3549,"date":"2025-08-18T16:57:25","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T13:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/?p=3549"},"modified":"2025-10-07T16:31:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T13:31:29","slug":"cum-au-fost-primele-tramvaie-din-bucuresti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/eternal-3549-cum-au-fost-primele-tramvaie-din-bucuresti","title":{"rendered":"Cum au fost primele tramvaie din Bucure\u0219ti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00cen a doua jum\u0103tate a secolului al XIX-lea, capitala se dezvolta rapid \u0219i avea nevoie de transport public modern. Str\u0103zile \u00eenguste, numeroasele c\u0103ru\u021be \u0219i mul\u021bimile creau haos, a\u0219a c\u0103 tramvaiul a devenit o adev\u0103rat\u0103 revolu\u021bie pentru capital\u0103. Primul tramvai nu numai c\u0103 a schimbat modul de deplasare al or\u0103\u0219enilor, dar a \u0219i marcat \u00eenceputul unei noi ere \u00een transportul urban. \u00cen acest articol, vom povesti cum s-a dezvoltat istoria tramvaiului \u00een ora\u0219. Mai multe pe <a href=\"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\">bucharestfuture.eu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Primul tramvai tras de cai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tramvaiul tras de cai a fost inventat de inginerul englez Benjamin Outram. \u00cen 1775, el a conceput acest mijloc de transport cu vagoane mici care se deplasau pe \u0219ine \u00eencorporate direct \u00een pavaj. Primul astfel de tramvai a ap\u0103rut la New York \u00een 1832. \u00cen Europa, mai exact la Paris, aceste tramvaie au ajuns abia \u00een 1838. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, primul transport tras de cai a \u00eenceput s\u0103 func\u021bioneze la Timi\u0219oara \u00een 1869.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La Bucure\u0219ti, la \u00eenceputul secolului al XIX-lea, doar boierii aveau acces la tr\u0103suri. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1823, burghezia \u0219i oamenii de r\u00e2nd nici m\u0103car nu aveau dreptul de a de\u021bine propriul mijloc de transport. \u00cen 1871, \u201eSocietatea Rom\u00e2n\u0103 de Tramvaie\u201d, finan\u021bat\u0103 de Anglia \u0219i Belgia, a primit autoriza\u021bia de a instala linii de cale ferat\u0103 pe unele str\u0103zi ale capitalei. Un an mai t\u00e2rziu, aceast\u0103 companie a introdus primele trei linii de tramvai tras de cai. Bucure\u0219tenii numeau tramvaiele <strong>\u201etraivane\u201d sau \u201etrangavane\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acesta nu era cel mai confortabil mijloc de transport. Fiecare astfel de tramvai era tras de 2-3 cai \u0219i abia putea g\u0103zdui 20-25 de persoane. Controlorii adesea nu reglementau bine acest aspect, a\u0219a c\u0103 \u00een vagoane erau \u00eentotdeauna mult mai mul\u021bi pasageri. Deseori, astfel de tramvaie <strong>deraiau din cauza calit\u0103\u021bii proaste a \u0219inelor<\/strong>. Pasagerii trebuiau s\u0103 coboare din vagon \u0219i s\u0103 repun\u0103 singuri tramvaiul pe \u0219ine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pre\u021bul biletelor \u00een astfel de tramvaie era mereu diferit. Costul depindea de nivelul de confort \u0219i de distan\u021b\u0103. Un kilometru cu tramvaiul costa 0,20 lei, iar la etajul superior \u2013 de dou\u0103 ori mai ieftin. Vara circulau vagoane deschise, iar iarna \u2013 \u00eenchise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De-a lungul anilor, s-a reu\u0219it modernizarea par\u021bial\u0103 a acestor tramvaie: a fost instalat iluminatul nocturn, au ap\u0103rut magazine \u00een sta\u021bii, iar traseul era indicat pe panouri speciale. De asemenea, <strong>persoanelor murdare nu li se mai permitea s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 tramvaiul<\/strong>, iar num\u0103rul permis de pasageri nu putea fi dep\u0103\u0219it. Desigur, acest lucru a st\u00e2rnit \u0219i un val de pl\u00e2ngeri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Primul tramvai electric din ora\u0219<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.bucharestfuture.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/69\/2025\/08\/ad_4nxeqmde4zsragtvfnergwftvxhgk4gmxdljvomdfczzuql-if8b0uul-r-erra7kl8vixd_bjokr6lyh27tzirjepavpjeyqnhdc8ksgchpov8ncsu61u5zewn42vvgrkf5t4ywbkey8wyf1aav13tnjbefyofqcw.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Primul tramvai electric a ap\u0103rut la Bucure\u0219ti deja \u00een 1894. Era un tramvai de culoare verde, care circula pe <strong>linia 14 (de la Cotroceni la Obor)<\/strong>. Acesta avea 8 vagoane motorizate \u0219i tot at\u00e2tea remorci. Tramvaiul pornea de la uzina electric\u0103, mergea de-a lungul Pie\u021bei Independen\u021bei, traversa <a href=\"https:\/\/bucharest.name\/ro\/eternal-3689-legenda-raului-dambovita-iubire-si-gelozie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e2mbovi\u021ba<\/a> pe Podul Domni\u021bei Maria, apoi trecea prin Pia\u021ba Por\u021bilor Centrale \u0219i continua pe Bulevardul Academiei. Sta\u021bia terminus a tramvaiului era \u0219coala \u201eIancului\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unii consilieri municipali s-au opus tramvaiului electric, deoarece ar fi fost <strong>\u201eun dezastru pentru public, pentru c\u0103 firele electrice ar putea electrocuta oamenii \u0219i animalele\u201d<\/strong>. De asemenea, politicienilor nu le pl\u0103cea aspectul acestor fire. Unii se temeau c\u0103 potcovarii vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne f\u0103r\u0103 loc de munc\u0103. Dac\u0103 potcoavele nu ar mai fi necesare, cei mai buni potcovari ar p\u0103r\u0103si \u021bara, iar apoi nu ar mai fi suficien\u021bi \u00een vremuri grele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Primarul de atunci a r\u0103spuns acestor \u00eengrijor\u0103ri. El a spus c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia are \u00eentr-adev\u0103r un nivel foarte ridicat de activitate agricol\u0103, dar nu se poate permite ca \u021bara s\u0103 nu se dezvolte. El a dat ca exemplu Elve\u021bia, care produce mult f\u00e2n \u0219i cre\u0219te animale, dar \u00een acela\u0219i timp introduce tramvaie electrice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Istoria tramvaielor din Bucure\u0219ti este o istorie a moderniz\u0103rii \u0219i a dorin\u021bei constante a ora\u0219ului de a se dezvolta. De la vagoanele incomode trase de cai, care deraiau adesea, p\u00e2n\u0103 la tramvaiele electrice moderne, capitala a parcurs un drum lung. <strong>\u00cen ciuda criticilor \u0219i a opozi\u021biei, progresul a \u00eenvins.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cen a doua jum\u0103tate a secolului al XIX-lea, capitala se dezvolta rapid \u0219i avea nevoie de transport public modern. Str\u0103zile \u00eenguste, numeroasele c\u0103ru\u021be \u0219i mul\u021bimile creau haos, a\u0219a c\u0103 tramvaiul a devenit o adev\u0103rat\u0103 revolu\u021bie pentru capital\u0103. Primul tramvai nu numai c\u0103 a schimbat modul de deplasare al or\u0103\u0219enilor, dar a \u0219i marcat \u00eenceputul unei [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":510,"featured_media":3391,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1150],"tags":[1961,2425,2409,2429,2427,2428,2424,2426,2423,2430],"moimportance":[30,33],"motype":[1155],"moformat":[18],"class_list":{"0":"post-3549","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-inovatii","8":"tag-bucuresti-2","9":"tag-dezvoltarea-infrastructurii","10":"tag-istoria-transportului","11":"tag-istorie-urbana","12":"tag-primul-tramvai-din-bucuresti","13":"tag-retea-de-tramvaie","14":"tag-tramvai-electric","15":"tag-tramvai-tras-de-cai","16":"tag-transport-public","17":"tag-transportul-secolului-al-xix-lea","18":"moimportance-golovna-novyna","19":"moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatory","20":"motype-eternal","21":"moformat-vlasna"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3549","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/510"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3549"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3551,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3549\/revisions\/3551"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3549"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=3549"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=3549"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucharestfuture.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=3549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}